🧬 Introduction
Human reproduction is a sexual mode of reproduction involving the fusion of male and female gametes to produce offspring.
It includes gametogenesis, fertilization, implantation, pregnancy, and parturition.
🔑 Key Concepts
1. Male Reproductive System
Testes: Produce sperms & testosterone
Accessory Ducts: Vas deferens, urethra
Glands: Seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral
External Genitalia: Penis
2. Female Reproductive System
Ovaries: Produce ova & hormones (estrogen, progesterone)
Fallopian Tubes: Site of fertilization
Uterus: Site of implantation & development
External Genitalia: Vulva
Mammary Glands: For lactation
3. Gametogenesis
Spermatogenesis: Formation of sperms in testes
Oogenesis: Formation of ovum in ovaries
4. Fertilization & Implantation
Fertilization occurs in the ampulla of fallopian tube
Zygote divides → Blastocyst → Implants in uterus
5. Pregnancy & Parturition
Gestation period: ~9 months
Parturition: Expulsion of fully developed baby (triggered by hormones like oxytocin)
🧾 Significance
Maintains species continuity
Transfers genetic material to next generation
📝 Assignment Questions
1. Where does fertilization occur in humans?
2. Differentiate between spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
Keywords:
Human Reproduction Class 12, Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Notes, Male Reproductive System, Female Reproductive System, Spermatogenesis, Oogenesis, Fertilization in Humans, Implantation and Pregnancy, Gestation Period in Humans, Parturition Process, NEET Biology Human Reproduction, Class 12 Human Reproduction Notes, Human Reproductive Health, Menstrual Cycle, Reproductive Organs in Humans
